It is an outsiders view and will no doubt, given the complexity of south sudan, be full of gaps and generalisations. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of south sudan. Sudan research, analysis, and advocacy by eric reeves. The purpose of this report is to provide analysis and. This article argues that terrorism is the use of violence to coerce political concessions and. Much of the violence in sudan and south sudan has been incorrectly labeled as terrorism, and systemic conditions are often cited as the root cause. Badal, the rise and fall of separatism in southern sudan, african affairs 75, 301 1976, pp. South sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace. This thesis analyses causes of the current south sudanese civil war that broke out on. Although most of the oil production capacity in those two countries is in south sudan, the country is landlocked and remains dependent on sudan s export pipelines and port. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and.
South sudans conflict parties are supposed to form a unity government by 12 november. Key characteristics of the economy south sudan s dependence on subsistence agriculture and food aid indicates that the countrys present economic state is extremely poor. Salvaging south sudans fragile peace deal crisis group. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the splm in opposition splmio. The conflict in december 20 reopened deeplyrooted political and ethnic tensions that hadnt yet been reconciled in the young country and those divisions have continued. Candidate depaul university abstract although ethnicity is a contributing factor to the ongoing crisis in south sudan, particularly after the reescalation of violence in december of 20, the characterization of the.
The context and conflict analysis in tonj east county, warrap state, was based on consultative workshops in kuacjok capital of the state and romic. External actors should push the adversaries to make progress on these matters before entering any powersharing arrangement lest war erupt once more. The report builds upon the unmiss interim report on human rights, released on 21 february. Although most of the oil production capacity in those two countries is in south sudan, the country is landlocked and remains dependent on sudans export pipelines and port. A south sudanese civil society perspective paper as a pilot country for the new deal implementation, south sudan was described as a burgeoning young nation steadily emerging from the crisis phase on the fragility spectrum into the reform and rebuild phase. Years of international efforts to bring an end to decades of conflict by helping to negotiate the comprehensive peace agreement cpa of 2005 and the later. This led to a slight reduction in the number of people in emergency ipc phase 4 acute food insecurity compared to the same period last year. South sudan humanitarian needs overview 2020 november. South sudan page 3 wealth and resources in the national and state capital cities. The aim here it to examine the various actors at the different levels and interrogate the various interests at stake that will either compel peace. Women and men of all ages are suffering from the effects of conflict, including abuses and loss of control over, and access. Key characteristics of the economy south sudans dependence on subsistence agriculture and food aid indicates that the countrys present economic state is extremely poor. In summary the situation is characterized by ongoing civil war, with continuous conflict in.
Conflict profile since its independence in 1956, sudan has seen an intermittent civil war. South sudan became the youngest nation in the world after splitting from the larger sudan to become the republic of south sudan in 2011. His work is here organized chronologically, and includes all electronic and other publications since the signing of the historic machakos protocol july 2002, which guaranteed south sudan the right to a self determination referendum. South sudan macro conflict analysis july 2015 reliefweb.
It was signed in addis ababa on the 12th of september 2018 with the aim to end the fiveyear civil conflict in south sudan. With the south sudanese conflict in its fifth year in 2018, this paper seeks to not. Mar 27, 2020 south sudan has only three psychiatrists serving the entire population, and only one psychiatric inpatient ward with a 12bed capacity in juba. Deep and historical tribal and ethnic divisions have long been a feature of sudanese life. Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudanor north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. Peace and conflict studies, security publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. The current revitalized agreement on the resolution of conflict in south sudan is also an attempt to end the civil war in south sudan through a negotiated settlement.
Pdf a strategic analysis of conflict in sudan and south. South sudan and its people continue to reel from the impacts of years of conflict, violence and limited of development investment. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. Sudan in turn needs the income from the pipeline and is known to support riek machar and the splmio in the conflict.
South sudan peace process the challenge to the implementation. The literature on conflict in south sudan published before independence tends to focus on the causes and dynamics of the second civil war 19832005 and post2005 local level conflicts, such as those between communities along the contested border between sudan and south sudan or intra. External actors should push the adversaries to make progress on these matters before entering any powersharing arrangement. Sep 14, 2016 understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. The lack of basic infrastructure, educated and skilled. The oil sector remains the key driver of the economy, followed by. A human rights report united nations mission in south sudan. Uganda is an important tradepartner to south sudan and has demonstrated support for the government of president salva kiir. Fighting broke out between the sudan peoples liberation.
South sudan has been a country in turmoil since its formation. South sudan is a landlocked country and depends on sudan for exporting its oil. In analyzing the south sudan conflict, this post focuses on four areas. The project aims to provide an up dated analysis on the situation of women in conflict affected areas notably blue nile state and south kordofan state where conflict. The 2019 rebound was driven mainly by reopening some oil fields, including those in upper nile state, and resuming production, and by the peace agreement signed in september 2018. South sudan conflict analysis brief south sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace agreement. A paper prepared for the usaid conference on conflict resolution in the greater horn of africa, university of nairobi, pp. As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. Jan 16, 2014 in analyzing the south sudan conflict, this post focuses on four areas. In south sudan, media is a consistent way of involving all spheres of societies even during. The conflict has been marked by the failure of the government of the republic of south sudan. This study saw reports of hundreds of instances where the mission.
The revitalized agreement on the resolution of conflict in south sudan is a typical powersharing settlement, rooted in both democratic and conflict management theories. South sudan as regional pawn 2 the red sea arena 4 rebooting us policy to support conflict resolution and regional stability 5 conclusion 8 payton knopf south sudan s civil war and conflict dynamics in the red sea summary the regional political and security dynamics that surround south sudan s ongoing civil war. Republic of sudan and the new republic of south sudan or north and south sudan, for claritythe two countries were again in a state of war. Conflict mapping, ontological security and institutionalised conflict o n 15 and 16 december 20, violence broke out in juba, south sudan, with many thousands killed. It aims to support greater contextual knowledge for policy makers, programme managers, and implementers by providing a searchable repository of research, analysis, and resources, and providing periodic updates on new research and analysis.
The collated publications are in most cases not csrf research. South sudan s civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require. Ending south sudans civil war council on foreign relations. The situation is much worse in the most conflict affected parts of the country, including upper nile. South sudan economic outlook african development bank. Pdf with the south sudanese conflict in its fifth year in 2018, this paper. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service summary south sudan, which separated from sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 20, when a political dispute that overlapped with preexisting ethnic and political fault lines turned violent.
Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan council. In december 20, president kiir accused his former deputy riek machar and ten others of attempting a coup detat. South sudan crisis facts conflict in south sudan mercy corps. South sudan has only three psychiatrists serving the entire population, and only one psychiatric inpatient ward with a 12bed capacity in juba. South sudan s conflict parties are supposed to form a unity government by 12 november. Solutions for moving beyond an ethnic conflict christa charbonneau kuntzelman, m. South sudan humanitarian needs overview 2020 november 2019. Macroeconomic performance and outlook real gdp growth was an estimated 5. South sudan one of the most foodinsecure countries in the world. Learn more about the south sudan humanitarian crisis. Learn about the civil war in south sudan, sanctions imposed by the united states and europe, and other recent developments on cfrs global conflict tracker.
In 1983, after a decadelong pause in the sudanese civil war between the north and south, conflict broke out again. The main author of the south sudan country profile was dr. This report is an indepth analysis of the political economy of south sudan, and it critically assesses the development challenges since independence. However, the government did not address impunity for widespread conflict related sexual and genderbased violence against south sudanese. Eric reeves has been writing about greater sudan for the past twenty years. South sudan did not make progress on establishing the. The key situational analysis by drc in south sudan is presented in the next sections. Decades of war have fostered ethnocentric identities by.
South sudan, as a result of tribal and political conflict, is a country in. The country profile on south sudan was prepared under the overall coordination and substantive guidance of deputy executive secretary for knowledge delivery of eca, giovanie biha. Situation assessment of children and women in south sudan. Lessons in mediation from south sudan s troubled peace process 3 funneled weapons to the opposition. The csrf research repository is hosted by the south sudan peace portal. The security situation in darfur has remained relatively stable, following military gains by the government of the sudan against the rebel movements since. A main argument is that its political economy is fundamentally atypical. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the principal peace agreements to emanate from the northsouth conflict in sudan and the civil war in south sudan. The strength of the narrative is in trying to provide nuance. Since the eruption of the armed conflict in the south sudan, the. Most of the fledgling nation is in the grip of a humanitarian crisis fueled by years of chronic underdevelopment, conflict and natural disasters.
Conflict profile, causes, actors and dynamics tethloach ruey doctoral thesis dissertation politics international politics topic. However, their independence, like that of other countries in the world, came with a huge human cost following decades of intense conflict between the arab north and the nonarab south. The oil sector remains the key driver of the economy, followed by services and agriculture. A conflict analysis is a systematic study of the political, economic, social, historical, and cultural factors that directly influence the shape, dynamics and direction of. In summary the situation is characterized by ongoing civil war, with continuous conflict in numerous parts of the.
South sudan was once a semiindependent region in sudan, only recently gaining independence as a country in 2011, after a brutal civil war that lasted more than 25 years. The feed consortiums conception of resilience and the wfp study informed the development of the survey tool administered at the household level, described briefly below. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Overview south sudan gained independence from sudan in july 2011. Hide footnote in his public statements since defecting cirillo has stressed a nationalist agenda and downplayed his equatorian base of support, but his forces on the ground mobilise using just this local appeal. It particularly focuses on the period after the august 2015 agreement for the resolution of. South sudan crisis humanitarian crisis analysis 2019.
April and may have seen the most serious clashes in upper nile and unity states, as well as escalated tensions along the sudan south sudan border. However, some of the groups who face particula r deprivations are listed below. Over 57% of the health facilities in the conflict affected. Conflict csrf conflict in south sudan research repository guide this research repository has been compiled by the csrf to ass ist donors and aid workers in south sudan to better understand the context in which they work. United nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss since the outbreak of the conflict on 15 december. Social scientists in sudan and south sudan have also turned their critical attention to colonial administrators,10 development and humanitarian practitioners,11 lobby groups,12 and their own discipline. A perfect example of this is the sudanese conflict, which ended through a negotiated political settlement through the comprehensive peace agreement in 2005.
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